PART I The lethal risks context and how they are managed: Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 Methodology -- Chapter 3 Risk Management and Lethal Risks – Organizational -- Chapter 4 Risk Management – Tactical -- PART II The nature of lethal risks between 1886 and 2019: Chapter 5 Environmental Variables: Population, Officer Numbers and Who Faces Lethal Risk? -- Chapter 6 Analysis: 1886 to 1999 (Publicly Available Reporting) -- Chapter 7 Analysis: 1886 to 1999 (Publicly Available Reporting) -- PART III Observations and thoughts regarding the research and the future: Chapter 8 Observations -- Chapter 9 Where To From Here? -- Chapter 10 Conclusion.

This book examines the lethal risks faced by police and traffic officers in Aotearoa New Zealand. It tracks lethal risk volume and type across 134 years of the New Zealand Police/Ngā Pirihimana o Aotearoa’s 137-year existence. Using data gathered from public records, official government reporting, and comparative studies, it reveals the current situation with regards to lethal risks from 1886 to 2019. The book identifies and presents two lethal risk hierarchies, the first for the period 1886-1999 and the second for the period 2000-2019. The hierarchies establish that the lethal risks faced come from: • Firearms • Assaults • And, potentially, cutting/stabbing attacks It determines that the nature of lethal risk has not changed, but rather the volume has reduced, meaning today’s officers are less likely to be harmed by lethal risk encounters than their predecessors were. This volume is an ideal starting point for researchers and practitioners interested indeveloping further scholarly research on lethal force and lethal risks faced by law enforcement officers and the organization they belong.