Monkeypox: Past, Present, and Future -- Poxviruses from the Concept of One Health -- Assembly and Evolution of Poxviruses -- Characterization of Fowl Poxvirus -- Zoonotic and Zooanthroponotic Potential of Monkeypox -- Biological Characteristics and Pathogenesis of Monkeypox Virus: An Overview -- Molecular Virology of Orthopoxviruses with Special Reference to Monkeypox Virus -- Type I Interferon: Monkeypox/Mpox viruses Achilles Heel? -- Biology of Variola Virus -- Molluscum Contagiosum Virus: Biology and Immune Response -- Orf, a Human Parapoxvirus Infection -- Poxviridae Pneumonia -- Poxviruses in Children -- Human Monkeypox Virus and Host Immunity: New Challenges in Diagnostics and Treatment Strategies -- Role of the Laboratories in the Diagnosis of Poxvirus Infections -- Monkeypox Diagnosis in Clinical Settings: A Comprehensive Review of Best Laboratory Practices -- Poxvirus Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future -- Current status of Vaccine Development for Monkeypox Virus -- Treatment and Vaccination for Smallpox and Monkeypox -- A Multi-Pronged Approach to Addressing Global Poxviruses Vaccine Inequity: A Case of Monkeypox -- The Overview of Potential Antiviral Bioactive Compounds in Poxviruses -- Natural Immunomodulatory Agents as A Complementary Therapy for Poxviruses -- Monkeypox Outbreak 2022, from a Rare Disease to Global Health Emergence: Implications for Travellers -- Application of Oncolytic Poxviruses: An Emerging Paradigm in Cancer Therapy -- Overcoming Stigma: The Human Side of Monkeypox Virus -- Poxviruses as Agents of Biological Warfare: The Importance of Ensuring Ethical Standards for Research with Viruses.

Since the emergence of 2022’s monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak, it has been the heading of news and research articles that MPXV is being involving non-endemic areas after about its 80-year presence in endemic areas. Efforts are concentrated on understanding how MPXV has evolved to cause an epidemic. The book provides a comprehensive compendium of chapters on poxviruses in different domains. It concludes that the main problem we should deal with is not to address how MPXV has overcome the distance between non-endemic and endemic areas, but it is the non-cooperativity of logistics, research, and science in managing poxviruses’ outbreaks. Chapters 16 and 25 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.