Part I. Why Is Sex/Gender-Specific Medicine Needed? -- Part II. Metabolism of Sex Hormones -- Part III. Gastroenterology -- Part IV. Cardiology -- Part V. Respiratory Disease -- Part VI. Endocrinology -- Part VII. Rheumatology -- Part VIII. Infectious Disease -- Part IX. Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition -- Part X. Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery -- Part XI. Surgery -- Part XII. Psychiatry -- Part XIII. Neurological Disease -- Part XIV. Ophthalmology -- Part XV. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery -- Part XVI. Dermatology -- Part XVII. Rehabilitation Medicine -- Part XVIII. Emergency Medicine -- Part XIX. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine -- Part XX. Dentistry -- Part XXI. Periodontology -- Part XXII. Clinical Pharmacology.

Sex/gender-specific medicine (SGM) is defined as the practice of medicine based on the understanding that biology and social roles are important in men and women for prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Current research demonstrates differences in disease incidence, symptomatology, morbidity, and mortality depending on sex and gender. Sex/gender-specific medicine is a fundamental aspect of tailored therapy and precision medicine. Therefore, the variables must be considered in medical education and practice as well as in research models ranging from human participants, animals and cells. This concept could be applied in the whole clinical areas from Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Gastroenterology, Cardiology, and Rehabilitation, etc. Nowadays estrogen is known to play a key role in the prevention of colon cancer and in the resistant progression of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, especially in women. This book covers the sex/gender-specific medicine in the whole clinical areas in the adults as well as in the pediatrics. In addition, research results of basic science are also introduced in the colon cancer and Alzheimer’s disease.