Introduction to Navigation in Spine Surgery -- Part I. Image Based Navigation -- Image Based Navigation: Imaging Options (CT based, Fluoro Based, Visible Light Based) -- Image Based Navigation: Advantages/Disadvantages of Various Modalities -- Image Based Navigation: Room and Patient Positioning Considerations -- Image Based Navigation: Reference Frame Types and Application -- Image Based Navigation: Planning -- Image Based Navigation: Instrumentation (Screw and Cage) -- Image Based Navigation: Applications Beyond Instrumentation -- Image Based Navigation: Summary of Clinical Results -- Part II. Robotic Navigation -- Robotic Navigation: History -- Robotic Navigation: Mounting Systems -- Robotic Navigation: How to Plan a Robotic Surgery -- Robotic Navigation: Instrumentation -- Robotic Navigation: Applications Beyond Instrumentation -- Robotic Navigation: Summary of Clinical Results -- Part III. 3D Printed Guides -- 3D Printed Patient Specific Guides: Basics of 3D Printing and Current Systems -- 3D Printed Patient Specific Guides: How to Plan Guides -- 3D Printed Patient Specific Guides: Instrumentation -- 3D Printed Patient Specific Guides: Summary of Clinical Results -- Part IV: Additional Navigation Considerations -- Future Directions for Navigation in Spine Surgery -- Economic Considerations for Navigation in Spine Surgery -- Legal Considerations for Navigation in Spine Surgery.

Presenting the most up-to-date, cutting-edge techniques and technologies, this book provides the reader with an overview of contemporary approaches for degenerative, deformity and minimally invasive spine surgery. Sensibly divided into four main sections, the opening chapter describes the history of spinal navigation and a brief summary of the current categories: imaging based navigation using optical systems; robotic navigation systems; and the use of 3D printed patient specific navigation. Within each of these sections are chapters addressing patient positioning, surgical planning, specific technologies and instrumentation, and a summary of current clinical findings, with an eye toward best practices in planning and execution. A final section discusses additional considerations for these modalities, including economic and legal aspects of these procedures. Written and edited by thought leaders in the field of spine surgery, Navigation, Robotics and 3D Printing in Spine Surgery is designed for practicing spine surgeons and spine surgeons in training to help prepare them to safely and efficiently use navigation in spine surgery to optimize care for their patients.