04913nam a22005175i 4500001001800000003000900018005001700027007001500044008004100059020003700100024003500137050000900172072001600181072002300197072001500220100015600235245015100391250001800542264007900560300006400639336002600703337002600729338003600755347002400791505079900815520220701614650003003821650002903851650002803880650004803908650003903956650002803995650002904023650002804052650002804080650002804108710003404136773002604170776003604196776003604232776003604268856004604304912001404350912001404364999001704378978-3-031-74073-2DE-He21320251030114644.0cr nn 008mamaa241227s2024    sz |    s    |||| 0|eng d  a97830317407329978-3-031-74073-27 a10.1007/978-3-031-74073-22doi 4aP142 7aCFF2bicssc 7aLAN0090102bisacsh 7aCFF2thema1 aSmith, Daniel James.eauthor.0(orcid)0000-0002-7051-31141https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-31144aut4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut98969210aSpanish and English in Small Town and Rural Americah[electronic resource] :bLanguage Contact Leading to Language Shift /cby Daniel James Smith.  a1st ed. 2024. 1aCham :bSpringer Nature Switzerland :bImprint: Palgrave Macmillan,c2024.  aXXI, 265 p. 33 illus., 4 illus. in color.bonline resource.  atextbtxt2rdacontent  acomputerbc2rdamedia  aonline resourcebcr2rdacarrier  atext filebPDF2rda0 aChapter 1. Models for describing languages in contact (bilingualism) and research questions guiding the study -- Chapter 2. Overview of the Hispanic community in Northeast Georgia including general patterns of language use -- Chapter 3. Linguistic patterns in the Northeast Georgia Hispanic community -- Chapter 4. Relationship of the social factors to the grammatical patterns -- Chapter 5. Language patterns associated with multiple social factors and abrupt language shift -- Chapter 6. Spanish and English contact and morpheme acquisition -- Chapter 7. Unique characteristics and challenges of Spanish English bilingual children, including simultaneous bilinguals -- Chapter 8. Possible outcomes for the future of Spanish and English in Northeast Georgia and implications for further study.  aThis book examines Spanish/English bilingual patterns in a small town and rural northeast Georgia community of Hispanics recently immigrated from Mexico and other areas of Latin America. Speech data from naturally-occurring conversations by 56 children and adults of both sexes are analyzed within Myers-Scotton’s Matrix Language Frame (MLF) model. Eight language patterns are identified, including monolingual Spanish and English turns, codeswitched turns, and turns showing convergence (morphemes/words from one language with grammatical structure from the other). Tokens of each type (per sentence or short conversational turn) were counted per informant. Analysis reveals that percentages of monolingual and codeswitched utterances pattern in relation to percentages of utterances showing convergence, indicating that informants’ Spanish does not begin to converge toward English until fewer than 70% of their utterances are monolingual Spanish and that both codeswitching and convergence are mechanisms of language shift from dominance in one language to another. Several associated social factors of the informants, including age, gender, and country of origin, expand understanding of the linguistic and shift patterns. The percentages of the different language types also indicate abrupt shifts from predominance of one language type to another. This 'snapshot' of a language shift in process and the abruptness of the shifts in stages is the unique observation of this study that has not been reported by other language contact researchers. The book also addresses the simultaneous acquisition of Spanish and English by young children and implications for education. The book will be of interest to students, teachers, and researchers of linguistics, sociolinguistics, bilingual education, and Spanish-English contact specifically. Daniel J. Smith is Associate Professor of Spanish at Clemson University, USA. He has published his research on Spanish-English bilingualism and language acquisition in The International Journal of Bilingualism, the Southwest Journal of Linguistics, the Southern Journal of Linguistics, the Bilingual Research Journal, and The Bilingual Review, among others. 0aLinguistic change.972796 0aSociolinguistics.969115 0aMultilingualism.957175 0aEmigration and immigrationxSocial aspects. 0aEmigration and immigration.95811314aLanguage Change.97279724aSociolinguistics.96911524aMultilingualism.95717524aSociology of Migration.24aHuman Migration.9673232 aSpringerLink (Online service)0 tSpringer Nature eBook08iPrinted edition:z978303174072508iPrinted edition:z978303174074908iPrinted edition:z978303174075640uhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-74073-2  aZDB-2-SLS  aZDB-2-SXS  c66099d66099