As a low carbon energy source, nuclear energy plays a reinforced role in a sustainable electricity mix. However, strengthening the share of nuclear energy implies the guarantee of safe, long-term operation of current systems and potentially the fostering of new constructions. Service life extension - as well as the design of future nuclear power plants - relies on the availability of robust and qualified structural materials, and their manufacturing processes. The science and engineering of materials are key in selecting robust material solutions and predicting aging mechanisms. Materials and Processes for Nuclear Energy Today and in the Future reviews different reactor concepts and fuel management systems. Nuclear equipment has to maintain integrity under extreme conditions, such as high temperature, radiation, loads and/or corrosive environments. This book analyzes the requirements on components, and introduces reference solutions regarding materials and processes. It describes the materials' main properties, their limits and the current R&D trends. Lastly, innovations are discussed, such as materials with enhanced properties, advanced manufacturing or using AI.