"Version: 20241101"--Title page verso.

Includes bibliographical references.

1. Learning science : a passion for STEM subjects : why do a PhD? -- 1.1. Scientific literacy -- 1.2. Passion for science and STEM subjects -- 1.3. Benefits of science education -- 1.4. STEM education -- 1.5. STEM is the future -- 1.6. Why do a PhD? -- 1.7. Catch them young for STEM -- 1.8. A PhD degree is a well-trodden path for employment -- 1.9. PhD makes a difference -- 1.10. Passion for STEM--the lure of a PhD in STEM -- 1.11. Why do a STEM PhD? -- 1.12. Employment after a STEM PhD -- 1.13. Conclusion

2. Sailing through PhD work successfully -- 2.1. Introduction : doing a PhD in STEM for entry into exciting careers -- 2.2. Essential requirements for smooth sailing during doctoral work -- 2.3. Other relevant points to be followed for unhindered PhD work -- 2.4. A PhD degree should lead to careers and jobs

3. Using PhD final year and just after to master useful skills--writing and public speaking -- 3.1. Role of effective communication in science is crucial for a STEM PhD

4. Acquiring multidisciplinary skills to beat the 'single-subject cocoon' trap and ability to stay ahead of exponential technologies -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Influence of AI on jobs -- 4.3. Beating the 'single-subject cocoon' trap for enhanced employment opportunities -- 4.4. For continued employability STEM PhDs should upskill their job skills regularly -- 4.5. New jobs to be created by AI -- 4.6. Typical examples of new emerging job opportunities for STEM PhDs -- 4.7. Societal benefits : improving the quality of life for masses -- 4.8. Conclusions

5. Mentoring, innovations, patents, entrepreneurships, and jobs -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. What is an innovation? -- 5.3. Patents -- 5.4. Prototypes -- 5.5. Entrepreneurship -- 5.6. Ideas for entrepreneurships and start-ups by STEM PhDs -- 5.7. Jobs -- 5.8. Innovations by STEM PhDs towards SDGs for techno-entrepreneurships and jobs -- 5.9. New opportunities in STEM jobs by solving existential challenges -- 5.10. Opportunities for new jobs in the electrical vehicles sector -- 5.11. The new scenario under the emergence of AI and ChatGPT -- 5.12. A case study of Unilever -- 5.13. Job security

6. Models adopted to upend education for supporting growth of graduate jobs -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Jobs crisis post-PhD, and how to fix it -- 6.3. Country-wide efforts -- 6.4. Enhancing employability of STEM graduates and PhDs -- 6.5. New doors/opportunities for STEM graduates, including those with disabilities -- 6.6. Skills for employability in industry -- 6.7. Apprenticeships and training in industry, for facilitating employment

7. Overcoming disruptions against career growth -- 7.1. Employment and career options for STEM PhDs -- 7.2. Disruption due to the Covid-19 pandemic, or other disasters : disaster-proofing -- 7.3. Lay-offs, quiet hiring -- 7.4. Disabled -- 7.5. Debt ceiling -- 7.6. Bias towards gender, black, Asian, candidates coming under adult education -- 7.7. Quiet quitting, working from home, job-switching, great resignation -- 7.8. Plagiarism versus integrity; fake online reviews; publication charges; patent manipulation; citation multiplication; prolific authors, paper mills; fraudsters -- 7.9. Positivity in job search; networking benefits; workplace visibility; avoiding getting scooped; brain breaks; follow your passion; learning AI and ML skills -- 7.10. Keeping the edge in employability -- 7.11. A job in industry for STEM PhDs, or even a postdoc in industry -- 7.12. Concluding remarks

8. Growing to be a leader and staying on top -- 8.1. Working towards a leadership role in a STEM job -- 8.2. Consolidating the leadership role to grow further, and to stay on top.

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One may have a degree qualification, even a PhD, moreover a PhD in a STEM subject, but might still be struggling to get a job. We discuss 'WHY' that happens, and how to get over it. We discuss three most crucial skills required by STEM PhDs: communicating ably through technical writing; impactful public speaking before peer-audiences, or mixed audiences; and avoiding the trap of a 'single-subject cocoon' by gaining expertise in at least two, if not more, non-overlapping subjects. Besides, a STEM PhD should also stay ahead of the emerging digital technologies by learning to work comfortably with AI and related high-tech tools like big data, machine learning and chatbots.

PhD students and graduates in STEM subjects.

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Professor Dr. J.V. Yakhmi is a physicist and educator with over 45 years of experience at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), India, before retiring in 2010. At the time of his retirement in 2010, he was Associate Director of the Physics Group, Head of Technical Physics & Prototype Engineering Division, and Program Director for Spectroscopy, Synchrotron and Functional Materials at BARC. Later, from 2012-2016, he served as DAE Raja Ramanna Fellow at the Homi Bhabha National Institute. From 2012-2015, he worked as Chairman, Atomic Energy Education Society, Mumbai.

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